Forestry and Agroforestry Trees in Hawaii

Welcome to the Hawaii Forestry and Agroforestry Trees website. The photographs here illustrate the most commonly planted trees in Hawaii.

To find photographs of a tree species, click on the links on the scientific names below. There you may view thumbnail photos as well as larger images.

To find a common name, use the "find in page" command in your browser.

Many different trees may share a common name, for example, "ironwood" may refer to several different, unrelated species. The first common name listed under each species is the name listed in Little and Skolmen's Common Forest Trees of Hawaii (USDA Forest Servcie Agriculture Handbook No. 679, 1989), if applicable. In some cases other Pacific Island names are included. Common names in Hawaiian and other Pacific Island languages are spelled without diacritical marks (the okina and kahako, in Hawaiian), as some internet browsers do not support these.

These illustrations describe trees which have been most commonly planted in Hawaii. They are not recommendations. Some tree species, for example Falcataria moluccana and Grevillea robusta, have escaped cultivation and have become serious pests in natural forests in Hawaii. Please do not plant trees which may become weeds in our natural ecosystems. In the information under each species, the Hawaii Weed Risk Assessment score has been listed. The Weed Risk Assessment system is a process that has been developed by Dr. Curt Daehler of UH Botany and Dr. Julie Denslow of the USDA Forest Service to help growers decide what plant species to avoid and which are safe to plant. More information on the system is available on the UH Botany webpage.

List of species names and common names

Acacia auriculiformis, northern or Darwin black wattle

Acacia confusa, Formosa koa, small Phiilppine acacia, yanangi (Belau)

Acacia koa, koa

Acacia koaia, koaia

Acacia mangium, brown salwood

Agathis robusta, Queensland kauri

Albizia chinensis, chocolate heart albizia, sauce tree, sau tree, siris

Albizia lebbeck, syn. Albizia lebbek, Acacia lebbek, Mimosa lebbeck, siris, Indian siris, East Indian walnut

Aleurites moluccana, kukui, candlenut tree, tutui, varnish tree, candleberry tree, lumbang (Guam), sakan (Belau), lama (Samoa), Indian or Belgaum walnut

Alnus nepalensis, Nepalese alder, Nepal alder, Indian alder

Araucaria bidwillii, bunya-bunya pine, false monkey puzzle tree

Araucaria columnaris, columnar araucaria, "Norfolk Island pine", Cook pine, Cook araucaria

Araucaria heterophylla, Norfolk Island Pine

Artocarpus altilis, ulu (Hawaii, Samoa), breadfruit, dodog (Guam), lemai (Northern Marianas), arudo (Belau), maa (Yap), mai (Chuuk, Pohnpei), mohs (Kosrae), ma (Marshalls)

Azadirachta indica, neem, Persian lilac, Indian lilac, paradise tree, bead tree, cornucopia, margosa

Bishofia javanica, koka, toog, bishopwood

Calliandra calothyrsus, calliandra, red calliandra

Calophyllum inophyllum, kamani, Alexandrian laurel, beautyleaf, Borneo mahogany, beach mahogany, poon, oil nut tree (English), kamani, kamanu (Hawaii), dilo (Fiji), beach Calophyllum (Papua New Guinea), daog or daok (Guam, Northern Marianas), btaches (Belau), biyuch (Yap), rakich (Chuuk), isou (Pohnpei), eet (Kosrae), lueg (Marshalls), fetau (Samoa), fetau (Tonga), tamanu (Cook Islands, Society Islands, Marquesas), te itai (Kiribati)

Casuarina cunnighamiana, river-oak casuarina, small-cone ironwood, Australian pine, beefwood

Casuarina equisetifolia, horsetail casuarina, ironwood, coast she-oak, whistling pine, Australian pine, horsetail beefwood, Australian oak, swamp oak, toa (Samoa)

Casuarina glauca, longleaf casuarina, longleaf ironwood, swamp she-oak

Cedrela odorata, Spanish cedar, West Indian cedar, cigar box cedar, cedarwood

Cordia subcordata, kou (Hawaii), sea trumpet, beach cordia, tauanave (American Samoa), puataukanave (Tonga), vaua asi (Solomon Islands), kalau (Palau), te kanawa (Kiribati), koa (Guam), niyoron (Guam, northern Marianas), galu (Yap), ikoak (Kosrae), ikoik (Pohnpei), anau (Chuuk), nawanawa (Fiji), tou (Cook Islands), ironwood (Australia)

Cryptomeria japonica, Sugi pine, Japanese cedar

Cunninghamia lanceolata, syn. C. sinensis, Chinese fir

Cupressus lusitanica, syn. Cupressus glauca, Mexican cypress, Portuguese cypress

Cupressus macrocarpa, Monterey cypress

Dalbergia sissoo, sissoo, shisham

Elaeocarpus grandis, syn. Elaeocarpus angustifolius, blue marble, silver quandong

Eucalyptus citriodora, syn. Corymbia citriodora, lemon scented gum

Eucalyptus deglupta, bagras eucalyptus, rainbow gum, rainbow bark eucalyptus, kamarere, Mindanao gum, New Guinea gum, Indonesian gum, deglupta, amammanit eucalyptus

Eucalyptus dunnii, Dunn's white gum

Eucalyptus globulus, bluegum eucalpytus, southern bluegum, Tasmaniam bluegum

Eucalyptus grandis, rose gum, flooded gum

Eucalyptus microcorys, tallowwood

Eucalyptus robusta, robusta eucalyptus, swamp mahogany eucalyptus, swamp messmate, beakpod eucalyptus

Eucalyptus saligna, saligna eucalyptus, Sydney bluegum eucalyptus, flooded gum

Falcataria moluccana, syn. Paraserianthes falcataria, Albizia falcataria, Molucca albizia, albizia, Moluccan sau, white siris

Flindersia brayleana, Queensland maple, silkwood

Fraxinus uhdei, tropical ash, Mexican ash, Hawaiian ash, shamal ash, fresno (Spanish)

Gliricidia sepium, madre de cacao, mother of cocoa, Nicaragua cocoa shade, Mexican lilac, kakawate (Philippines), gamal (Indonesia)

Gmelina arborea, paper tree, white teak, candahar, yamane (Philippines), jati puti (Indonesia)

Grevillea robusta, silk oak, silver oak, oka kilika, haiku keokeo

Guaiacum officinale, lignum vitae

Intsia bijuga, merbau, Borneo teak, island teak, Moluccan ironwood

Khaya nyasica, syn. Khaya anthotheca, African mahogany, East African mahogany

Khaya senegalensis, dry-zone mahogany, African mahogany, Senegal mahogany, khaya wood

Leucaena leucocephala, koa haole, tangan-tangan (Guam, CNMI), ipil-ipil (Philippines), lamtoro (Indonesia), leadtree

Lophostemon confertus, syn. Tristania conferta, brushbox, Brisbane box, vinegar tree

Mangifera indica, mango, manako (Hawaii), iedel (Belau), manga (Yap), kangit (Chuuk and Pohnpei).

Melaleuca quinquenervia, paperbark, cajeput tree

Metrosideros polymorpha, ohia, ohia lehua

Olea europaea, wild olive, oliwa

Pinus radiata (syn. P. insignis), Monterey pine, insignis pine.

Pterocarpus indicus, narra, New Guinea rosewood, bluewater, sand dragon, Burmese rosewood

Samanea saman, ohai, monkeypod tree, rain tree

Santalum album, Indian sandalwood, sandal, white sandalwood tree, East Indian sandalwood

Santalum ellipticum, iliahi a loe, coast sandalwood

Senna siamea, syn. Cassia siamea, Siamese cassia, pheasantwood, Thailand shower, kassod tree

Sequoia sempervirens, redwood

Swietenia macrophylla, big leaf mahogany, large leaf mahogany, Honduras mahogany

Swietenia mahagoni, small leaf mahogany, West Indes mahogany, Cuban mahogany, Dominican mahogany

Syzygium malaccense, mountain apple, Malay apple, ohia ai (Hawaii), acpuhl, (Kosrae), ahia (Societies), apel (Pohnpei), arfatlh, harafath, faliap, faliyap (Yap), faariyap, fasniyaap, feniyap (Chuuk), fekakai (Niue), fekika kai (Tonga), jambosier rouge, poire de Malaque, pomme Malac, pomme de Malaisie, pomme de Tahiti (French), kaika (Cooks), kafika (Uvea, Futuna), kavika (Fiji), keika (Mangareva), kehia (Southern Marquesas), kehika, kehika inana (Northern Marquesas), kidel (Palau), makupa (Guam), nonu fiafia (Samoa)

Tectona grandis, teak, Bangkok teak

Terminalia catappa, Indian almond, tropical almond, false kamani, kamani haole, kamani ula.

Terminalia myriocarpa, jhalna, hollock

Thespesia populnea, milo (Hawaii, Marshall Islands, Samoa, Tonga), portia tree, Pacific rosewood, seaside mahoe, Indian tulip tree, badrirt (Belau), banalo (Northern Marianas), bang-beng (Yap), kilulo (Guam), mio (Marquesas), miro, amae (Rarotonga, Society Islands), mulomulo (Fiji), panu (Kosrae), polo (Chuuk), pone (Pohnpei)

Toona ciliata, Australian toon, Australian redcedar, Indian mahogany

For more detailed information about the trees listed on this site, see the reference links below.

Agroforestree database by World Agroforestry Centre, formerly ICRAF, in Kenya. The largest free database of information on forestry and agroforestry trees, worldwide.
Photographs of Hawaiian Native Trees and Plants and Campus Plants on the University of Hawaii Botany website.
Images of Plants of Hawaii, native and introduced, on the Hawaii Ecosystems at Risk website.
The Traditional Tree Initiative for traditional agroforestry trees in the Pacific.
Forestry Images includes digital images of forestry, forest pests, tree species, silviculture, invasive species, and wildlife, primarily for use in educational programs.
Other internet resources on forest tree species are available on the UH CTAHR forestry extension website.

References

Little, Elbert L. and Roger G. Skolmen. 1989. Common Forest Trees of Hawaii (Native and Introduced). Agriculture Handbook No. 679. Washington, D.C.: USDA Forest Service. Available from CTAHR Publications and Information Office.
CAB International. 2000. Forestry Compendium Global Module. Oxon, UK: CAB International.
Elevitch, C. R., ed. 2006. Traditional Trees of Pacific Islands. Permanent Agriculture Resources, Holualoa, HI.

Copyright Notice. These photographs may be freely used for educational purposes. Please contact the photographer if you wish to duplicate any photographs for presentations, websites, or publications. Written permission of the photographer is required for any commercial use of any images on these pages.

Photographs courtesy of J. B. Friday, Mike Robinson, Thom McEvoy, Mike Robotham, John Kitakis, Ken Boche, Layne Yoshida, Travis Idol, and Bart Potter.

Positive impact forestry is not intended to follow the path of modern agriculture,
to convert forests into farms, or to remake forests in the image of humans.

Page designed by Dana Okano and J. B. Friday
Last updated 11/21/2007

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