References for further reading on koa
Ares, A, JH Fownes, and P Simmons. 2008. Wood production and native vegetation conservation in Hawaii’s uplands. West. J. Appl. For. 23 (3): 177-182.
Ares, A and JH Fownes. 1999. Water supply regulates structure, productivity, and water use efficiency of Acacia koa forest in Hawaii. Oecologia 121: 458-466.
Ares, A, JH Fownes, and WG Sun. 2000. Genetic differentiation of intrinsic water-use efficiency in the Hawaiian native Acacia koa. Int. J. Plant Sci. 161(6): 909-915.
Baker, PJ, AP Robinson, and JJ Ewel. 2008. 
Sudden and sustained response of Acacia koa crop trees to crown release in stagnant stands. Can. J. of For. Res. 38: 656-666.
Baker, PJ, and PG Scowcroft. 2005. Stocking guidelines for the endemic Hawaiian hardwood Acacia koa. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 17(4): 610-624.
Baker, P, P Scowcroft, and J Ewel. 2009. Koa (Acacia koa) Ecology and Silviculture, USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report PSW-GTR-211
Dumroese, RK, DF Jacobs, and AS Davis. Inoculating Acacia koa with Bradyrhizobium and applying fertilizer in the nursery. Purdue University and the University of Idaho.
Elevitch, CR, K Wilkinson, and JB Friday. 2006. Acacia koa (koa). Pp. 1-28 in: Elevitch, CR, ed. Traditional Trees of Pacific Islands. Permanent Agriculture Resources, Hōlualoa, HI. http://www.traditionaltree.org
Friday, J. B. 2010. Farm and Forestry Production and Marketing Profile for Koa (Acacia koa). In: Elevitch, C.R. (ed.). Specialty Crops for Pacific Island Agroforestry. Permanent Agriculture Resources (PAR), Holualoa, Hawai‘i.
Friday, JB, PG Scowcroft, and A Ares. 2008. Responses of native and invasive plant species to selective logging in an Acacia koa-Metrosideros polymorpha forest in Hawai‘i. Applied Vegetation Science 11: 471-482. doi: 10.3170/2008-7-18538
Goldstein, JH, GC Daily, JB Friday, PA Matson, RL Naylor, and P Vitousek. 2006. Business strategies for conservation on private lands: Koa forestry as a case study. PNAS 103(26): 10140-10145.
Haines, WP, ML Heddle, P Welton, and D Rubinoff. 2009. A recent outbreak of the Hawaiian koa moth, Scotorythra paludicola (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), and a review of outbreaks between 1892 and 2003. Pacific Science 63(3) 349-369. doi: 10.2984/049.063.0305
Idol, TW, PJ Baker, and D Meason. 2007. Indicators of forest ecosystem productivity and nutrient status across precipitation and temperature gradients in Hawaii. Journal of Tropical Ecology 23: 693-704.
Jacobs, DF, A Davis, and RK Dumroese. Nursery cultural techniques to facilitate restoration of Acacia koa competing with exotic kikuyu grass in a dry tropical forest. Purdue University and University of Idaho.
Leary J, Singleton PW and Borthakur D. 2004. Canopy nodulation of the endemic tree legume Acacia koa in the mesic forests of Hawaii. Ecology 85:3151-3157.
Pejchar, L, and D Press. 2006. Achieving conservation objectives through production forestry: the case of Acacia koa on Hawaii Island. Environmental Science and Policy Vol 9, Issue 5. 439-447. Available at Science Direct.
Scowcroft, PG, JB Friday, J Haraguchi, TW Idol, NS Dudley. 2010. Poor stem form as a potential limitation to private investment in koa plantation forestry in Hawaii. Small-scale Forestry. doi: 10.1007/s11842-009-9107-1.
Scowcroft, PG, JB Friday, T Idol, N Dudley, J Haraguchi, and D Meason. 2007. Growth response of Acacia koa trees to thinning, grass control, and phosphorus fertilization in a secondary stand in Hawai‘i. Forest Ecology and Management 239: 69-80.
Scowcroft, PG, JE Haraguchi, and D Fujii. 2008. Understory structure in a 23-year-old Acacia koa forest and 2-year growth responses to silvicultural treatments. For. Ecol. Manage. 255: 1604 – 1617.
Scowcroft, PG and JA Silva 2005. Effects of phosphorus fertilization, seed source, and soil type on growth of Acacia koa. Journal of Plant Nutrition 28: 1581-1603.
Shi, X and JL Brewbaker. 2005. Genetic improvement of Hawaii's premier hardwood, Acacia koa. Forest Genetic Resources. 31:36-40. FAO/Rome.
Whitesell, CD. 1990. Acacia koa. In: RM Burns and BH Honkala, eds. Silvics of North America, USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 654.