Koa (Acacia koa Gray) Pest and Disease Image Gallery

Online quick reference for Hawaii’s koa growers

 

Scot Nelson, University of Hawaii at Manoa, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences (PEPS) snelson@hawaii.edu

J. B. Friday, University of Hawaii at Manoa, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management (NREM) jbfriday@hawaii.edu

 

More than 100 digital photos of pests and diseases of koa (Acacia koa Gray) in Hawaii are provided here to help koa growers diagnose their pest or disease problems.  For most images, the resolution and size is set at 150 DPI and (500 x 375) pixels, respectively, to provide sufficient clarity and size to enable the recognition of the more subtle disease characteristics with confidence.  Users of this site may request or submit high-resolution images of koa problems by email. 

 

How to use this site: Pests and koa health problems are listed in brown font below in alphabetical order.  Browse and click on an image associated with a particular problem.  View, save or print the image. Click on your browser’s “back arrow” to return to this page. If you would like more information, please contact the University of Hawaii Cooperative Extension Service.

 

Basal stem damage and decay: | in landscape setting 1 2 | text |

Black twig borer (Xylosandrus compactus): | dieback of twigs and branches 1 2 | beetle entry and exit hole in twig 1 2 3 | adult beetle 1 | internal stem damage 1 | text |

Cattle browsing injury: | in forest setting, damage to stem 1 2 | text |

Coccinellids (lady beetles, beneficial insects): | larvae and adults on leaves of Acacia koa 1 2 3 | adult on leaves of Acacia koa 1 | text |

Conks (fungal fruiting bodies): | on trunks of A. koa 1 2 |

Fallen tree: | in forest setting 1 | text |

Hardpan: | row of koa trees planted in hardpan 1 | basal stem decay 1 | roots after encountering hardpan 1 | text |

Large koa specimens: | in forest setting 1 |

Leafhoppers (probably a cicadellid): | adults 1 2 | damage to leaves 1 2 3 4 | damage plus sooty mold on leaves and phyllodes 1 2 |

Lichens: | on branches of Acacia koa 1 2 3 4 | text |

Mistletoe (Korthlalsella complanata): | as parasite on limbs of Acacia koa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | text |

Powdery mildew (Oidium sp.): | 1 2 | text |

Pruning wound: | on koa stem 1 | text |

Psyllids [the Acacia psyllid (Psylla uncatoides)]: | adult  1 | immature 2 3 | text |

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne sp.): | young root galls 1 | advanced root galls 1 2 3 | root-knot nematode galls compared with Bradyrhizobium nodules 1 | nematode life cycle diagram | text |

Rust #1 (Atelocauda digitata): | witches’ broom symptom 1 2 3 4 5 | rusted phyllode with fungal uredinia 1 2 | rusted inflorescence 1 2 | rusted seed pods 1 2 3 | teliospores 1 2 | urediniospores 1 2 | Tuberculina maxima hyperparasite of rust (purple colored fungus) 1 2 3 | Tuberculina maxima (rust mycoparasite) spores 1 2 | Tuberculina maxima mycoparasitism of a koa rust spore 1 | text |

Rust #2 (Atelocauda koae): | on phyllodes 1 2 3 | text |

Scale (cottony-cushiony scale, Icerya purchasi): | on koa stem 1 | text |

Seedworms (the koa seedworm, Crytophlebia illepida): | on koa seeds 1 2 |

Self girdling (roots): | roots girdling the tree | text |

Sheep grazing injury: | on koa stems 1 2 |

Stem-boring beetles (Xyloborus spp. and Xylosandrus compactus): | damage to stem and associated rotting of stem 1 2 3 4 | text |

Whiteflies (spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus): | adults, pupae and flocculent on koa phyllodes 1 2 3 | text |

Wilt (Acacia koaia, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. koae): | wilting tree 1 2 | compare diseased foliage vs. healthy foliage 1 | leaf yellowing 1 | root rot 1 | internal stem necrosis 1 | stem canker 1 2 | text |

Wilt: (Acacia koa, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. koae): | decline of mature trees 1 2 3 | decline of koa tree stand 1 2 3 4 5  | internal stem necrosis 1 2  | stem canker 2 | internal branch necrosis and/or staining 1 2 3 4 | necrotic xylem elements 1 | juvenile reversion 1 2 | stem bleeding 1 | walling off 1 | text |

Wood decay (general): | decay of main stem | decay stain | text |

 

Links: | The Farmer’s Bookshelf | Crop Knowledge Master | Hawaii Pesticide Information Retrieval System | CTAHR homepage | UH-CTAHR Hawaii Forestry Extension | UH-CTAHR Koa Wilt Page | Don Gardner Koa Diseases |

More Pest & Disease Image Galleries: | Coffee (Coffea arabica) | Kava (Piper methysticum) | Palms | Papaya (Carica papaya) | Noni (Morinda citrifolia) |

 

Photo credits: J. B. Friday, Scot Nelson, Wayne Nishijima, Mark Wright and Thom McEvoy

Site design: Scot Nelson (2006)

Last site update: 1.Oct.2007

 

Copyright Notice. These photographs may be freely used for educational purposes. Please contact snelson@hawaii.edu  if you wish to duplicate any photographs for presentations, websites or publications. Written permission is required for any commercial use of any images on this site.