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N.V. Hue. 1995. p. 199-247. In Jack E. Rechcigl (ed.) Soil amendments and
environmental quality. Lewis Publ., Boca Raton, FL.
A comprehensive review of sewage sludge, covering its treatments, properties,
disposal/usage, and effects on soil, plant,animal, and human health. The chapter
outline is shown below.
General properties
- Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
- Sludge Characteristics
- Nutrients
- Heavy Metals
- Toxic Organic Chemicals
- Pathogens
- Current Usage or Disposal
- Land Application
- Composting and Marketing
- Land filling and Incineration
Reactions in Soil
- Transformation and Movement of Sludge N in Soil
- Ammonification and Mineralization
- NH3 Volatilization and NH4 Adsorption
- Nitrification and Denitrification
- Nitrate Leaching
- Nitrogen Immobilization
- Forms and Movement of Heavy Metals in Sludge-Amended Soils
- Transformation and Movement of Trace Organics in Sludge-Amended Soils
- Adsorption and Leaching
- Degradation
- Volatilization
Beneficial Effects
- Soil Fertility
- Phosphate Sorption
- Soil Acidity and Aluminum Detoxification
- Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)
- Soil Physical Properties
- Crop Production and Forest Response
- Livestock Production
- Soil Microorganisms and Mesofauna
Potential Adverse Effects
- Effects on Soil Environment
- Effects on Crops and Livestock
- Effects on Forestry and Wildlife
- Effects on Water Quality and Aquatic Systems
- Effects on the Atmosphere
- Effects on People
- Nitrate Toxicity
- Cadmium Toxicity
- Toxicities of PAHs and PCBs
Management Options: risk analysis
References
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