Noni (Morinda citrifolia) Pest and Disease Image Gallery

Online quick reference for Hawaii’s noni growers

 

Scot C. Nelson, PhD. (snelson@hawaii.edu), University of Hawaii at Manoa (UHM), College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences (PEPS)

 

More than 140 digital photos of pests and diseases of noni (Morinda citrifolia) in Hawaii are provided here to help noni growers diagnose their pest or disease problems.  For most images, the resolution and size is set at 150 DPI and (500 x 375) pixels, respectively, to provide sufficient clarity and size to enable the recognition of the more subtle disease characteristics with confidence.  Users of this site are encouraged to request or submit high-resolution images of noni problems by email. All images are copyright-free. 

 

How to use this site: Pests and noni health problems are listed in brown font below in alphabetical order.  Browse and click on an image associated with a particular problem.  View, save or print the image. Click on your browser’s “back arrow” to return to this page. If you would like more information, please contact the University of Hawaii at Manoa Cooperative Extension Service (CES). 

 

(1) Free publications available for download:

 

1)       Noni root-knot, a destructive disease of Morinda citrifolia in Hawaii [PDF]

2)       Black flag of noni (Morinda citrifolia) caused by a Phytophthora species [PDF]

3)       Noni cultivation in Hawaii [PDF]

4)       Morinda citrifolia species profile [PDF]

5)       Noni seed handling and seedling production [PDF]

6)       Proceedings of the 2002 Hawaii Noni Conference [link to PDF files by chapter]

 

(2) Noni Pest and Disease Image Gallery:

 

(Giant) African snail (Achatina fulica): | adults feeding on noni plant 1 2 | defoliation 1 2 3 | 

Algal leaf spot (algae, Cephaleuros minimus): | leaf spots 1 2 3 | algal filamentous thallus 1 2 3 | text |

Anthracnose (fungus, Colletotrichum sp.) | leaf spots 1 2 3 4 | leaf spot and Cassytha filiformis (parasitic seed plant) 1 | text |

Aphids, general: | feeding injury to leaves, leaf rugosity 1 2 | melon aphids (Aphis gossypii) on leaves 1 2 | aphids on fruits, tended by ants 1 2 | citrus aphids on petioles and stem 1 2 | adult melon aphids close-up 1 | text |

Cassytha filiformis (plant-parasitic seed plant, vine): | on Morinda citrifolia leaves, stems, petioles and fruit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | close-ups photos of parasitism 5 6 7 8 | text |

Croton caterpillar (Achaea janata): | caterpillars attacking noni foliage 1 | text |

Fruit cracking (physiological): | cracked fruit 1 | text |

Grazing injury (cattle): | noni plants damaged by grazing 1 2 3 | text |

Green scale (Coccus viridis): | as parasite of stems of Morinda citrifolia 1 | text |

            - and biological control by Verticillium lecanii : | white halo fungus on Coccus viridis 1 2 3 4 5 |

            - and accumulation of sooty mold : | black sooty mold on foliage of Morinda citrifolia 1 | text |

Greenhouse thrips (Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis): | parasitic on noni leaves 1 2 | text |

Leaf miner (unidentified): | on noni leaves in Micronesia 1 2 3 | text |

Looper (unidentified): | caterpillar on noni foliage in Micronesia 1 | feeding injury to leaf 1 |

Mealybugs (unidentified): | as parasites of noni fruits, tended by the long-legged ants 1 2 3 4 5 6 |

Melon aphids (Aphis gossypii): | on noni leaf 1 | close-up of adults 1 | text |

Nutrient deficiencies

            - Iron | interveinal chlorosis 1 2 3 |

            - Phosphorous | anthocyanescence 1 |

            - Nitrogen and other elements | yellowing, stunting 1 2 |  

Phytophthora blight, “black flag disease” (Phytophthora sp.): | necrotic leaves (black flags) 1 2 3 | fruit rot 1 2 3 4 | stem necrosis 1 | infested debris on ground 1 | leaf blight 1 2 3 4 | massive defoliation 1 | leaf spots 1 2 | vein invasion and necrosis 1 2 | leaf wilting 1 | stem collapse 1 | [PDF] |

Phytotoxicity: | spray injury to leaves 1 | herbicide injury (glyphosate), foliar yellowing 1 2 |

Postharvest fruit rot, mold (Rhizopus sp.): | 1 2 |

Rats: | feeding damage to unripe noni fruit 1 | text |

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.): | noni roots with galls 1 2 3 | noni roots galled and cracked, necrotic 1 2 3 | basal noni stem cracking, girdling, plant death 1 2 3 | foliar yellowing 1 2 3 | stunting and decline 1 2 3 | poor growth, declining field 1 2 3 |  rotten toots 1 | plant death 1 | wilting and chlorosis (with Sclerotium rolfsii) 1 | [PDF] |

Shot hole (fungus, Guignardia morindae): | leaf symptoms 1 2 3 |

Sooty mold: | on foliage of Morinda citrifolia 1 2 | text |

Souring beetle (Lasiodactylus tibialis): | as a pest of ripe noni fruit 1 |

Southern blight, stem blight (fungus, Sclerotium rolfsii): | dying plant 1 2 | stem girdling, mycelial fan 1 2 3 4 5 6 | wilting, chlorotic plant 1 | girdled stem, root rot 1 | sclerotia of S. rolfsii 1 2 | internal stem necrosis 1 | text |

Sunburn: | necrotic noni leaves 1 | text |

Stem canker: | diseased young noni stem 1 | text |

Uneven ripening: | noni fruit symptom 1 | text |

Whiteflies:

- Kirkaldy whitefly (Dialuerodes kirkaldyi ): | on noni leaves 1 2 3 4 | text |

- Spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus dispersus): | on noni leaves 1 2 3 | text |

 

Links: | The Farmer’s Bookshelf | Crop Knowledge Master | Hawaii Pesticide Information Retrieval System | CTAHR homepage | The Noni Website |

More Pest & Disease Image Galleries: | Coffee (Coffea arabica) | Kava (Piper methysticum) | Papaya (Carica papaya) | Koa (Acacia koa) | Palms |

 

Photo credits: Scot Nelson, Fred Brooks

Site design: Scot Nelson (2006)

Last site update: 21.August.2006