Summary
Mākaha Valley
Invasive Species
Remote Sensing Basics
Model
Model Results
Map
Vegetation Map Results
Derived Map Results
Links
Acknowledgments
References
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Literature cited
Gagne,W.C., Cuddihy, L.W. (1999). Vegetation. In: The Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai‘i, W.L. Wagner, D.R. Herbst, S.H. Sohmer (Editors), Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.
Le Maitre, D., Van Wilgen, B., Chapman, R., McKelly, D. (1996). Invasive plants and water resources in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: modelling the consequences of a lack of management. The Journal of Applied Ecology 33(1), 161-172.
Le Maitre, D., Van Wilgen, B., Gelderblom, C., Bailey, C., Chapman, R., Nel, J. (2002). Invasive alien trees and water resources in South Africa: case studies of the costs and benefits of management. Forest Ecology and Managment 160, 143-159.
Lau, J. (2005). Botanist. US Army DPW Environmental Divison.
Mair, A., Fares, A., El-Kadi, A. (2007). Effects of rainfall and ground-water pumping on streamflow in Mākaha, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. Journal of the American Water Resources Assocation 43(1): 148-159.
NCDC (National Climate Data Center) (2004). World climate data resources.
http://www.worldclimate.com/sources.htm#2200
PIER (Pacific Ecosystems at Risk). (2006). http://www.hear.org/Pier/
S.B. (Senate Bill) 1505 (2003). Invasive species, Twenty-second legislature of Hawai‘i.
Smith, C.W. (1985). Impact of alien plants on Hawai‘i’s native biota. In: C.P. Stone, Scott, J.M. (Editor), Hawai‘i’s terrestrial ecosystems: preservation and management. University of Hawai‘i Press, Honolulu.
Stratton L.C. and Goldstein, G. (2001). Carbon uptake, growth and resource-use efficiency in one invasive and six native Hawaiian dry forest tree species. Tree
Physiology 21: 1327-1334.
Stratton, L. C.; Goldstein, G.; and Meinzer, F.C. (2000). Stem water storage capacity and efficiency of water transport: their functional significance in a Hawaiian dry forest. Plant, Cell, and Environment 23:99-106.
van Wilgen, B., Reyers, B., Le Maite, D., Richardson, D., Schonegevel, L. (2008). A biome-scale assessment of the impact of invasive alien plants on ecosystem services in South Africa. Journal of Environmental Management 89: 336-349.
Verhoef, W. (1984). Light scattering by leaf layers with application to canopy reflectance modeling: The SAIL model. Remote Sensing of Environment 16: 125-141.
Partial list of nonnative plants found in Mākaha
Species scientific name |
Species common name |
Acacia confusa
Aleurites moluccana
Clidemia hirta
Coffea arabica
Cordyline fruticosa
Grevillea robusta
Lantana camara
Leucaena leucocephala
Mangifera indica
Passiflora edulis
Psidium cattleianum
Psidium cattleianum lucidum
Psidium guajava
Rubus rosifolius
Schinus terebinthifolius
Spathodea campanulata
Syzygium cumini
Syzygium jambos
Toona ciliata |
Formosan koa
kukui
Koster’s curse
coffee
kī, ti
silk oak
koa haole
mango
liliko‘i, passionfruit
purple/pink strawberry guava
yellow strawberry guava
yellow guava
thimbleberry
Christmas berry
African tulip tree
Java plum
rose apple
Australian red cedar |
Partial list of native plants found in Mākaha
Abutilon sandwicense
Acacia koa
Alectryon macrococcus micrococcus
Bobea sandwicensis
Charpentiera tomentosa
Claoxylon sandwicense
Diospyros sandwicensis
Dodonaea viscosa
Dubautia herbstrobatae
Dubautia sherffiana
Elaeocarpus bifidus
Flueggea neowawraea
Hibiscus arnottianus
Isodendrion laurfolium
Labordia kaalae
Leptechophylla tameiameiae
Melicope cinerea
Melicope elliptica
Melicope sandwicensis
Metrosideros polymorpha
Neraudia melastomifolia
Nestegis sandwicensis
Nototrichium humile
Osteomeles anthylidifolia
Peucedanum sandwicense
Pipturus albidus
Pisonia sandwicensis
Pisonia umbellifera
Plantago princeps var. princes
Pouteria sandwicensis
Psychotria sp.
Psydrax odorata
Pteralyxia macrocarpa
Rauvolfia sandwicensis
Santalum sp.
Sapindus oahuensis
Scaevola sp.
Senna gaudichaudii
Sicyos lanceoloideus |
flowering maple
koa
māhoe
‘ahakea
pāpala
po‘olā
lama
‘a‘ali‘i
na‘ena‘e
na‘ena‘e
kalia
mēhamehame
koki‘o ke‘oke‘o
aupaka
kamakahala
pūkiawe
alani
alani
alani
‘ōhi‘a
ma‘aloa
olopua
kulu‘ī
‘ulei
makou
mamaki
pāpala kēpau
pāpala kēpau
laukahi kuahiwi
‘ala‘a
kōpiko
alahe‘e
kaulu
hao
‘iliahi
lonomea
naupaka kuahiwi
kolomona
‘ānunu |
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